Metamorphic Minerals and Processes

EART24202 Metamorphic Minerals and Processes 10 Semester 2 Undergraduate Level 5 Alison Pawley Unit coordinator 1 FHEQ level (Framework for Higher Education Qualifications) ' Middle part of Bachelors ' European Credit Transfer & Accumulation System Rating : 5.0 Each week there will be a 1-hour lecture followed by a 2-hour practical session. We will begin with fundamental concepts such as mineral identification, interpreting metamorphic textures and using graphical methods to describe metamorphic reactions, and then apply these concepts to the interpretation of the sequences of metamorphic minerals observed with increasing metamorphic grade in common rock types, and the metamorphic field gradients encountered in different tectonic settings. By the end of the course you will have the tools to determine the metamorphic and deformational histories from a wide variety of metamorphic rocks that you might encounter in the lab or in the field.  Each week there will be a 1-hour lecture followed by a 2-hour practical session. We will begin with fundamental concepts such as mineral identification, interpreting metamorphic textures and using graphical methods to describe metamorphic reactions, and then apply these concepts to the interpretation of the sequences of metamorphic minerals observed with increasing metamorphic grade in common rock types, and the metamorphic field gradients encountered in different tectonic settings. By the end of the course you will have the tools to determine the metamorphic and deformational histories from a wide variety of metamorphic rocks that you might encounter in the lab or in the field.  More than half of the Earth’s continental crust is made of metamorphic rocks, which preserve a record of the often complex tectonic processes that have shaped the planet. The aim of this course is to learn how to extract as much information as possible about metamorphic processes from the rocks themselves, on all scales from microscope to map, and to use this information to infer tectonic settings and interpret geological histories.   <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="width: 496px">On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to: </td> <td style="width: 72px">Developed</td> <td style="width: 66px">Assessed</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height: 59px; width: 64px">ILO 1</td> <td style="height: 59px; width: 432px">Identify the important metamorphic minerals in hand specimen and thin section, and correctly name metamorphic rocks.</td> <td style="height: 59px; width: 72px">x</td> <td style="height: 59px; width: 66px">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height: 67px; width: 64px">ILO 2</td> <td style="height: 67px; width: 432px">Describe the temperature- and stress-induced processes responsible for producing the minerals and textures seen in metamorphic rocks.</td> <td style="height: 67px; width: 72px">x</td> <td style="height: 67px; width: 66px">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height: 76px; width: 64px">ILO 3</td> <td style="height: 76px; width: 432px">Interpret the metamorphic and deformational history of metamorphic rocks from their mineral assemblages and textures.</td> <td style="height: 76px; width: 72px">x</td> <td style="height: 76px; width: 66px">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height: 66px; width: 64px">ILO 4</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 432px">Describe the changes that occur during the metamorphism of mudstones and basic igneous rocks, and show the parageneses and reactions on triangular paragenesis diagrams.</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 72px">x</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 66px">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height: 66px; width: 64px">ILO 5</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 432px">Construct triangular paragenesis diagrams from first principles and use them to locate metamorphic isograds on a geological map and hence determine metamorphic field gradients.</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 72px">x</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 66px">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height: 66px; width: 64px">ILO 6</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 432px">Relate metamorphic assemblages and textures across a region to the P-T-t (pressure-temperature-time) paths experienced and P-T arrays produced, and describe the geological mechanisms that produced them.</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 72px">x</td> <td style="height: 66px; width: 66px">x</td> </tr> </tbody></table>   Week 1. L: Introduction & pelite mineralsP: Pelite minerals in thin section & hand specimen, & using petrogenetic grid to work out P-T conditions of formation Week 2. L: Controls on metamorphism & introduction to textures + naming a metamorphic rockP: Simple textures in thin section & hand specimen, and naming metamorphic rocks. Week 3.L: Metamorphic textures: processes, contact metamorphism, matrix textures, fault rock textures.P: Metamorphic textures in thin section and hand specimen Week 4. L: Metamorphic textures: timing of matrix and porphyroblast growth, polymetamorphic textures.P: Metamorphic textures in thin section and hand specimen Week 5. L: Graphical representation: metamorphic parageneses in siliceous dolomitesP: Construction and use of triangular paragenesis diagrams (the system CaO-MgO-SiO2). Week 6. L: Graphical representation: projections, petrogenetic grids & P-T arraysP: Determining pelite parageneses of thin sections, matching parageneses with relevant AFM triangles and calculating P-T arrays Week 7. L: Metamorphism of pelitesP: Construction of isograd map using AFM diagrams and pelitic assemblages Week 8. L: Metamorphism of basic igneous rocks: minerals, textures and minerals of medium-P/T and high-P/T metamorphism, metamorphic facies, introduction to ACF diagramP: Revision and test Week 9. L: Metamorphism of basic igneous rocks: progressive metamorphism through the facies described using ACF diagrams. Using metamorphic field gradients to deduce tectonic settings of metamorphism.P: Metabasic rocks in thin section and hand specimen Week 10. L: Plate tectonic settings of metamorphismP: P-T-t paths: interpreting textures and parageneses from thin sections (metabasites and pelites), and plotting on petrogenetic grids Week 11.Revision Each week there is a 1-hour lecture followed by a 2-hour practical session. The content of both lectures and practicals begins with fundamental concepts and builds week by week so that by the end, students will be able to apply their learning to the interpretation of a variety of metamorphic terrains. This ability will only be achieved by attendance at lectures and practicals, and by undertaking independent study between sessions. Independent study will be facilitated by the provision of a range of online material, including: lecture podcasts, Blackboard quizzes, digitised copies of key book chapters, videos on the properties of metamorphic minerals under the microscope and on how to interpret metamorphic textures, and links to other useful resources. Practical sessions allow students to develop skills in metamorphic mineral and rock identification and interpretation of thin sections and hand specimens, as well as using graphical techniques to interpret metamorphic assemblages and reactions. These are closely linked with the lectures, allowing students to see for themselves much of the material introduced in the lectures and to practise the techniques described. The practicals also have a thread going through them involving examining aspects of a complex metamorphic terrain, building towards the interpretation of its metamorphic and deformational history.  1 Written exam 70% 9 Set exercise 30%  <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="height: 68px; width: 102px">Assessment type</td> <td style="height: 68px; width: 85px">% Weighting within unit</td> <td style="height: 68px; width: 94px">Hand out and hand in dates</td> <td style="height: 68px; width: 85px">Length </td> <td style="height: 68px; width: 180px">How, when and what feedback is provided</td> <td style="height: 68px; width: 95px">ILO tested</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height: 101px; width: 102px">In-course test</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 85px">30</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 94px">Week 8 </td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 85px">1-hour</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 180px">General feedback will be posted on Blackboard. Individual feedback will be available in the first practical class after Easter.</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 95px">1, 3, 5</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height: 101px; width: 102px">Exam</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 85px">7-</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 94px">Exam Period</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 85px">2 hours</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 180px">In feedback session early the following semester.</td> <td style="height: 101px; width: 95px">2, 3, 4, 6</td> </tr> </tbody></table>  EART11100 Understanding the Earth Pre-Requisite Compulsory EART11200 The Natural Scientist's Toolkit Pre-Requisite Compulsory EART11300 Practical and Professional Skills Development Pre-Requisite Compulsory EART22201 Igneous Minerals and Processes Co-Requisite Compulsory BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Earth (Geology) Second Year Mandatory BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Earth (Planet Sci) Second Year Mandatory BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Earth (Geochemistr) Second Year Mandatory BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Earth (Resources) Second Year Mandatory BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie Second Year Optional BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Eart and Plan (GPG) Second Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci (Hons) Earth (Geolo) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci (Hons) Earth (Plane) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci (Hons) Earth (Geoch) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci (Hons) Earth (Resou) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci (Hons) Earth (Palae) Second Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci(Hons)Ea&Pl Sci(G&PG) Second Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Industr MEarthSci EPS Industry (Geo) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Industr MEarthSci EPS Yr Industry (ER) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Industr MEarth Sci (Hons) EPS YI (GPG) Second Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Abroad MEarthSci EPS Abroad (PS) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Abroad MEarthSci EPS Abroad (Geo) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Abroad MEarthSci EPS Abroad (ER) Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Abroad MEarthSci EPS Yr Abroad (Pala) Second Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Abroad MEaSci (Hons) EPS YA (GPG) Second Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) EPS with Res MEarthSci (H) EPS (ER) with Re Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) EPS with Res MEaSc (H) EPS (Geo) with Res Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) EPS with Res MEaSc (H) EPS (Geo w PG) w Res Second Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) EPS with Res MEaSc (H) EPS (Plan Sci) w Res Second Year Mandatory MEarthSci (Hons) EPS with Res MEaSc (H) EPS (Paleo) with Res Second Year Optional Klein C, Philpotts AR, Earth Materials: Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology. Cambridge University Press, 2013 (1st edition) or 2017 (2nd edition). RecommendedYardley BWD, An Introduction to Metamorphic Petrology, 1989 (1st edition) or 2021 (2nd edition, with Warren C). Recommended.Winter JD, Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Second edition, Pearson, 2014. RecommendedWinter JD, An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall, 2001. Recommended (alternative to book above – this is the first edition)Yardley BWD, MacKenzie WS, Guilford C, Atlas of Metamorphic Rocks and Their Textures. Longmans, 1990. A useful selection of photomicrographs 0 0 100