Diagenesis of Sedimentary Systems

EART37002 Diagenesis of Sedimentary Systems 10 Semester 2 Undergraduate Level 6 Catherine Hollis Unit coordinator 1 FHEQ level (Framework for Higher Education Qualifications) ' Last part of a Bachelors ' European Credit Transfer & Accumulation System Rating : 5.0 <div> The aim of this unit is to provide training in the identification of diagenetic products within siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks, the methods employed to reconstruct the processes governing their occurrence and distribution and the processes controlling their distribution.  It will build a fundamental understanding of basin-scale fluid flow, and the relationship between pressure, temperature, depth and diagenetic process. Lectures will provide grounding in fundamental concepts of diagenesis.  Laboratory classes will be used to1) provide training in the identification and description of diagenetic products,2) learn how to reconstruct of the relative timing of different diagenetic events and date them using geochemical techniques3) interpret the fluids responsible for diagenetic alteration using geochemical proxiese-learning resources will support petrographical and geochemical interpretation skills </div>  <div> The aim of this unit is to provide training in the identification of diagenetic products within siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks, the methods employed to reconstruct the processes governing their occurrence and distribution and the processes controlling their distribution.  It will build a fundamental understanding of basin-scale fluid flow, and the relationship between pressure, temperature, depth and diagenetic process. Lectures will provide grounding in fundamental concepts of diagenesis.  Laboratory classes will be used to1) provide training in the identification and description of diagenetic products,2) learn how to reconstruct of the relative timing of different diagenetic events and date them using geochemical techniques3) interpret the fluids responsible for diagenetic alteration using geochemical proxiese-learning resources will support petrographical and geochemical interpretation skills </div>  <div> To build knowledge of the diagenetic processes that control the alteration of sedimentary rocks after deposition and during burial but prior to metamorphism. The unit will evaluate the products of diagenesis, and their impact on the distribution of natural resources.</div>  <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="width:496px;">On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to: </td> <td style="width:72px;">Developed</td> <td style="width:66px;">Assessed</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:64px;height:59px;">ILO 1</td> <td style="width:432px;height:59px;">Name the main types of diagenetic fluid, their composition and the temperature and pressure regime in which they flow</td> <td style="width:72px;height:59px;">x</td> <td style="width:66px;height:59px;">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:64px;height:67px;">ILO 2</td> <td style="width:432px;height:67px;">Describe the temperature and pressure regime in time for a basin with a known burial history and define the principal temperature, pressure, organic and geochemically controlled diagenetic reactions that will take place</td> <td style="width:72px;height:67px;">x</td> <td style="width:66px;height:67px;">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:64px;height:76px;">ILO 3</td> <td style="width:432px;height:76px;">Identify the principal diagenetic products (replacive and pore occluding minerals, pores and compactional features) in hand specimen and petrographically, in transmitted and reflected light, and describe their impact on rock physical properties, as well as their implications for ore-forming processes</td> <td style="width:72px;height:76px;">x</td> <td style="width:66px;height:76px;">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:64px;height:66px;">ILO 4</td> <td style="width:432px;height:66px;">Select the most appropriate petrophysical, petrographical and geochemical techniques to reconstruct the process by which a diagenetic product and/or ore body evolved</td> <td style="width:72px;height:66px;">x</td> <td style="width:66px;height:66px;">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:64px;height:66px;">ILO 5</td> <td style="width:432px;height:66px;">Reconstruct an evidence-based paragenetic history using petrographical observation and relate to the burial history of a basin</td> <td style="width:72px;height:66px;">x</td> <td style="width:66px;height:66px;">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:64px;height:66px;">ILO 6</td> <td style="width:432px;height:66px;">Use multiple geochemical proxies to interpret fluid composition, temperature, saturation state and redox conditions</td> <td style="width:72px;height:66px;">x</td> <td style="width:66px;height:66px;">x</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:64px;height:66px;">ILO 7</td> <td style="width:432px;height:66px;">Identify the controls on fluid flux within a basin based on knowledge of basin evolution and conceptually reconstruct basin-scale flux using multiple datasets</td> <td style="width:72px;height:66px;">x</td> <td style="width:66px;height:66px;">x</td> </tr> </tbody></table>  <ol> <li> Introduction to burial history (eo-, meso- and telogenesis) and pressure & temperature regimes in sedimentary basins: introduction to basin types, heat flow, pressure-depth relationships including undercompaction (overpressure)</li></ol>Lab: calculation of geothermal gradient, pressure-depth relationships and reconstruction of simple burial history for a basin<ol> <li value="2"> Types of diagenetic fluid and reactions: seawater, freshwater, formational brines and magmatic fluids. Discussion of the role of redox, pH, temperature and pressure on saturation and geochemical proxies for different fluid types</li></ol>Lab: identification of different diagenetic fluids based on suite of geochemical data<ol> <li value="3"> Fluid flow regimes: geothermal convection, density-driven flow, gravity-driven flow, compactional-driven flow, hydrothermal flow</li></ol>Lab: reconstruction of basin-scale fluid flow from combined outcrop, petrographical and geochemical dataset<ol> <li value="4"> Diagenesis in the marine environment: dolomitization, cementation and diagenetic reactions at the sediment-water interface including bacterial sulphate reduction to methanogenesis</li></ol>Lab: petrographical and hand specimen description and interpretation of dolomite, marine cements and carbonate concretions<ol> <li value="5"> Diagenesis in the meteoric environment: karstification, diagenetic reactions in aquifers and the marine-meteoric mixing zone</li></ol>Lab: petrographical and hand specimen interpretation of meteoric cements and pore systems<ol> <li value="6"> Organic maturation: deposition, preservation and maturation of organic matter including hydrocarbon maturation and coalification</li></ol>Lab: interpretation of hydrocarbon source rock and maturity from geochemical proxies<ol> <li value="7"> Diagenesis in the burial realm: carbonate systems, including compaction, cementation, dolomitization, dissolution</li></ol>Lab: identification and interpretation of burial diagenetic cements, compactional features and pore systems in hand specimen and thin section<ol> <li value="8"> Diagenesis in the burial realm: clastic systems, including compaction, cementation, dissolution</li></ol>Lab: identification and interpretation of burial diagenetic cements, compactional features and pore systems in hand specimen and thin section<ol> <li value="9"> Temperature controlled reactions: silica diagenesis, clay mineral reactions, thermochemical sulphate reduction</li></ol>Lab: interpretation of temperature controlled reactions from core and wireline log suite<ol> <li value="10"> Paragenesis and dating: determination of the timing of diagenetic events</li></ol>Lab: reconstruction of paragenetic sequence in relative and absolute time from suite of data  <div> This unit will be taught using combined lectures and laboratory classes.     E-resources will be provided to assist with mineral identification and the use of geochemical data to interpret fluid type, composition and temperature. </div>  1 Written exam 80% 9 Set exercise 20% <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:102px;height:68px;"> Assessment type</td> <td style="width:85px;height:68px;"> % Weighting within unit</td> <td style="width:66px;height:68px;"> Hand out and hand in dates</td> <td style="width:94px;height:68px;"> Length </td> <td style="width:170px;height:68px;"> How, when and what feedback is provided</td> <td style="width:123px;height:68px;"> ILO tested</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:102px;height:101px;"> In class test</td> <td style="width:85px;height:101px;"> 20%</td> <td style="width:66px;height:101px;">  </td> <td style="width:94px;height:101px;"> 1 hour</td> <td style="width:170px;height:101px;"> Group feedback and personal feedback in class</td> <td style="width:123px;height:101px;"> All</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:102px;height:101px;"> Exam</td> <td style="width:85px;height:101px;"> 80%</td> <td style="width:66px;height:101px;"> End of unit</td> <td style="width:94px;height:101px;"> 1.5 hours</td> <td style="width:170px;height:101px;"> Individual feedback on scripts and group feedback</td> <td style="width:123px;height:101px;"> All</td> </tr> </tbody></table>  EART26201 Principles of Geochemistry Pre-Requisite Compulsory <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:204px;"> Pre-requisite units</td> <td style="width:437px;"> EART26201, Principles of Geochemistry</td> </tr> </tbody></table>  BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Earth (Geology) Third Year Optional BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Earth (Geochemistr) Third Year Optional BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Earth (Resources) Third Year Optional BSc (Hons) Earth and Plan Scie BSc (Hons) Eart and Plan (GPG) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci (Hons) Earth (Geolo) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci (Hons) Earth (Geoch) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci (Hons) Earth (Resou) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Ea and Pl Sci MEarthSci(Hons)Ea&Pl Sci(G&PG) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Industr MEarthSci EPS w IE (GeoChem) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Industr MEarthSci EPS Yr Industry (ER) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Industr MEarth Sci (Hons) EPS IE (GPG) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Abroad MEarthSci EPS w YA (Geochem) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Abroad MEarthSci EPS Abroad (ER) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) Earth Abroad MEaSci (Hons) EPSwYA (GPG) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) EPS with Res MEarthSci (H) EPS (ER) with Re Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) EPS with Res MEaSc (H) EPS w R (GeoChem) Third Year Optional MEarthSci (Hons) EPS with Res MEaSc (H) EPS w Res (GPG) Third Year Optional 0 0 0 <figure class="table"><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="0"><tbody><tr><td style="height:68px;width:139px;"> </td><td style="height:68px;width:85px;">Type</td><td style="height:9.75pt;padding:0cm;width:169.5pt;" width="226">Example student activity</td><td style="height:68px;width:75px;">Total Hours</td><td style="height:68px;width:160px;">New material</td><td style="height:68px;width:104px;">Consolidation and Practice</td></tr><tr><td style="height:39px;width:139px;">Contact time (students are in front of staff)</td><td style="height:39px;width:85px;">Lecture (new material)</td><td style="height:39px;width:75px;">Mostly listening & taking notes (mostly new material)</td><td style="height:39px;width:75px;">10</td><td style="height:39px;width:160px;">10</td><td style="height:39px;width:104px;"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td>Lecture (revision/examples)</td><td>Mostly listening & taking notes (no new material- revision of course)</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td style="height:101px;width:139px;"> </td><td style="height:101px;width:85px;">Practical (new material and practice. Typically 25-50% of practical time is spent on new material)</td><td style="height:101px;width:75px;">Interactive individual or group work (problem solving, experiments, watching demonstrations, describing and interpreting samples, paper-based exercises, computer-based exercises)</td><td style="height:101px;width:75px;">15</td><td style="height:101px;width:160px;">7.5</td><td style="height:101px;width:104px;">7.5</td></tr><tr><td style="height:101px;width:139px;"> </td><td style="height:101px;width:85px;">Tutorial</td><td style="height:101px;width:75px;">Interactive small group work</td><td style="height:101px;width:75px;"> </td><td style="height:101px;width:160px;"> </td><td style="height:101px;width:104px;"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td>Seminar/examples class</td><td>Working on and discussing questions </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>Independent study time</td><td style="height:9.75pt;padding:0cm;width:131.5pt;" width="175">Pre/post lecture work</td><td>Reading own notes, re-solving examples, prep work, revisit podcast</td><td>15</td><td>10</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td>Pre/post practical work/write up</td><td>Complete practical work, prep work, reading feedback</td><td>15</td><td>10</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td>Studio/workshop time</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></figure>