Visual Optics

OPTO20292 Visual Optics 10 Semester 2 Undergraduate Level 2 Amit Jinabhai Unit coordinator 1 FHEQ level (Framework for Higher Education Qualifications) ' Middle part of Bachelors ' European Credit Transfer & Accumulation System Rating : 5.0 This Visual Optics unit will provide all students with a consistent understanding of the optics of the human eye and develop their ability to carry out a range of relevant mathematical calculations related to the imaging properties of a variety of optical corrections, ranging from spectacles to contact lenses. This Visual Optics unit will provide all students with a consistent understanding of the optics of the human eye and develop their ability to carry out a range of relevant mathematical calculations related to the imaging properties of a variety of optical corrections, ranging from spectacles to contact lenses. To gain a detailed understanding of the optics of the human eye and to develop the skill to execute a wide range of mathematical calculations regarding the eye’s imaging properties when corrected by spectacles, contact lenses and corneal refractive surgery. <ul> <li>To outline and evaluate the optical characteristics of the human eye with regard to: (a) refractive error, and (b) the correction of refractive error (using either spectacles and/or contact lenses), and to confidently perform any related calculations.</li> <li>To explore the modern and classical theories behind the mechanisms of accommodation, myopia development, emmetropisation and presbyopia, by reviewing the scientific published literature.</li> <li>To develop an understanding of ‘schematic’ and ‘reduced’ model eyes, and their use in optical modelling to predict/better understand refractive errors and to calculate such errors.</li> <li>To develop the skills to calculate retinal image size, blur circle diameter and accommodation demands, amongst other clinical optometric calculations.</li> <li>To explore different corneal refractive surgery strategies and how to calculate relevant clinical outcomes.</li> <li>To better understand how novel optometric and ophthalmological equipment works in order to evaluate the optical parameters of the human eye, and how to calculate relevant clinical features (e.g. magnification).</li> <li>To better appreciate the designs and limitations of other animals’ eyes and how to calculate the relevant parameters.</li></ul> Analytical skills Students will be presented with a variety of evidence-based findings regarding the development of emmetropisation and myopisation, and refractive surgery outcomes. Students will therefore develop the skills to analyse such evidence. Group/team working Students will be encouraged to spend time communicating various complex optical concepts to one another in pairs/small group teams. Innovation/creativity Students will be exposed to the latest theories regarding the development of myopia and its possible prevention. Oral communication Students will be encouraged to answer questions during lectures, as well as spending time communicating various optical concepts to one another. Problem solving Students will be expected to go through (step-by-step) a comprehensive series of worked mathematical examples throughout this unit, which will help develop their problem-solving skills. Research Students will be presented with a series of experiments and results from previous research studies, which will hopefully help them develop an interest in conducting future optometric research themselves. Written communication Students will be expected to answer questions during the on-line assessments (these are specifically designed to aid preparation for the final summative exam). The following lectures will be delivered to supplement the previous undergraduate ‘optics’ courses (i.e., Geometrical Optics and Physical Optics):<ul> <li>Basics of eye design (evolution of non-human eyes)</li> <li>The principal optical components of the human eye</li> <li>The key ophthalmic angles</li> <li>Measuring the optical components of the human eye</li> <li>Keratometry</li> <li>Schematic representations of emmetropic eyes</li> <li>Schematic representations of ametropic eyes</li> <li>Calculating the correction of ametropia</li> <li>Accommodative demand and spectacle-induced effects</li> <li>Essential (rigid lens) contact lens optics</li> <li>Refractive surgery – key calculations</li> <li>Accommodation – theories</li> <li>Presbyopia – theories</li> <li>Emmetropisation – theories</li> <li>Myopia development – theories</li> <li>Constraints on the visual system</li> <li>Aberrations and their effects</li> <li>The latest advancements in optometric/ophthalmological equipment.</li></ul>These lectures will make use of animated ray-tracing diagrams, supported by custom-made animations and videos (where appropriate).This unit will allow students the opportunity to derive and understand (from first principles) many ‘rule-of-thumb’ calculations used in everyday optometric/ophthalmological practice, over a variety of topics, ranging from rigid contact lens fitting to corneal refractive surgery procedures.Students will also learn about how different forms of optical correction impact on retinal image height, retinal blur circle size, accommodation demands, and convergence demands.Additionally, the unit will also cover the ‘optical principles’ behind the latest technological advancement used to image the posterior segment, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). 0 Other 100% Formative assessment:A series of online tests primarily comprised of calculation-type questions. These tests are specifically designed to check the students’ knowledge and their level of engagement with the unit.Summative assessment:An assessment, which counts for 100% of the total unit mark, taken in the second semester. The feedback for the formative test results will be delivered via BlackBoard.Feedback on the summative assessment will be made available upon personal request only (and after the exam board marks have been released). OPTO10151 Pre-Requisite Recommended OPTO10312 Pre-Requisite Recommended OPTO10911 Pre-Requisite Recommended BSc (Hons) Optometry BSc (Hons) Optometry Second Year Mandatory MSci Optometry MSci Optometry Second Year Mandatory N Any of the texts listed below may be used:<ul> <li>Optics of the Human Eye. Atchison, David A. & Smith, George, Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2000.</li> <li>Optics (2nd Edition). Tunnacliffe, A.H & Hirst, A.G, ABDO College of Education, 1996.</li> <li>Clinical Visual Optics (4th Edition). Rabbetts, Ronald B. &  Bennett, Arthur G., Edinburgh, Elsevier, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007.</li></ul> Lectures 24 0 0